NOTES ON INTERMEDIATE FORCE OPTIONS

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Stopping active and determined aggression:

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• Capsaicin sprays have some utility in limiting an aggressor's vision.  

• Electrical control devices ECD’s, when deployed over a distance, contain a charge strong enough to disable large muscle masses but in my experience do relatively little to gain compliance in a drive stun.

• I think there is a case to be made blunt impact devices are all but useless unless used in a manner that can be construed as deadly force.